The old covenant was written on stone — external, something to be checked against and obeyed from the outside. This one is written on the heart and mind — internal, native, no longer a rule you have to remember to consult but something built into how you actually think and want. That's a bigger claim than moral improvement; it's a claim about identity changing at the source, not just behavior being managed better. And the result isn't better rule-following — it's relationship: “I will be their God, and they will be my people... they will all know me.” The end goal was never obedience for its own sake. It was actual knowing, from the least of them to the greatest — meaning this isn't reserved for the spiritually elite. It's promised across the board.